Drug-Drug Interactions

The Drug-Drug Interactions API provides information to determine the effect of a drug or a metabolite on another drug’s pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic profile.

It comprises a set of drug-drug interaction records supported by evidence from regulatory authorities and literature. Drug records for the general information on a drug and detailed reference records are also included. Four taxonomies to build drug queries are dedicated to this API: TherapeuticGroup, ProductCategory, MolecularMechanism and AdmeMechanism.

There are 2 types of drug-drug interactions depending on the cause of the interaction:

• Pharmacokinetic interaction, with or without toxic / efficacy effects, results in a different PK profile (ADME) of the evaluated drug when administered in combination with one or more interaction molecule(s). Pharmacokinetic interaction could happen on one or more of the following processes: Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism or Excretion, being Metabolic interactions the most common subtype.
• Pharmacodynamic interaction results in an additive or antagonistic effect of a drug or an active metabolite (interacting entity(s)) with another drug (evaluated drug) causing an increased or decreased pharmacological toxicological outcome. In PD interactions, ADME processes are not involved. Instead, the interaction is a result of the different mechanisms of action involved and, as a consequence, the action of the evaluated drug is potentiated or decreased. In other words, the expected pharmacological effect of the evaluated drug is directly changed by the interacting entity, not indirectly due to an effect on its PK profile.

Each drug-drug interaction contains at least one associated interaction study. Each interaction study is defined as a drug-drug interaction in a given experimental condition and population. It is also associated with a given reference, model, outcome, potential adverse event(s) and risk. Drug-drug interaction drugs are those from the Drug Design API having at least one interaction study.

Drug-Drug Interactions API can help you to

• Understand which drug-drug interactions exist for existing products in order to design better in-house products and ultimately develop better clinical candidates
• Understand a drug’s pharmacokinetic exposure and pharmacodynamics interference
• Optimize the ADME profile and effectiveness of drug candidates
• Perform quantitative analysis of interactions between drugs and patients using appropriate models
• Design clinical trials and understand drug prescription while considering that drug interactions may:
  • Decrease one or both drugs’ effectiveness – resulting in insufficient therapy, sometimes creating unnecessary costs and complications
  • Lead to adverse events / toxicity due to increased exposure or synergic effects

Content

• All FDA labels and EMA EPARs for US and EU approved drugs
• Available literature (articles from peer review journals, conferences and meeting abstracts) since 2013. This concerns launched drugs and also drugs in development

Entities diagram (Colour coding – green: main entity | purple: supporting entities)

Search results and retrieve drug-drug interaction and drug records with supporting references. Search and browse different controlled vocabularies (ProductCategory, TherapeuticGroup, MolecularMechanism, AdmeMechanism).